Gases we emit into the atmosphere are well mixed over the whole globe in a relatively short time span over a few years or faster. So these refrigerants are in the same concentration over Antarctica as over inhabitated land. However, the ozone depletion effect of the gases is dependent on a lot of factors. One of them are stratospheric clouds, which seem to be one reason for the hole above Antarctica.

I think it simulates each person going to their (a?) car and driving this car to another parking lot with free spots. So they do really fill up. However, I do not have first hand experience. In our glorious republic walking an public transport is all we need. So not even the most loyal party members get cars.

The only game I know where you have to consider parking is “Workers & Resources: Soviet Republic”. I haven’t provided any private cars to the people from my Republic yet. But from what I have seen, you need to provide parking lots close to their home and their destinations.

This post and thread gives me (back) so much hope. I always hoped for something like described here. But I never came anywhere close and so I have lost the hope over time. I was thinking in the direction of “I just want someone to share my life with. It will work out to be ok somehow.” But some recent events and post like this give me back the hope to find a the person I really want to share time with. It also brings me the motivation to work on myself, so to be more like I would like to be. Thanks you all.

The more self-sufficient you can be, the fewer societal resources you will take up, which could then go to someone else in greater need. That’s my perspective at least.

But the more self-sufficient you are, the more resources of yourself you need to supply yourself. So you can provide less societal resources. If you do not need to provide clothes for yourself, you have more time caring for elderly, etc.

As another view, the total resources need does not directly change by changing who does what. The advantages of helping each other are in the OP. At some point however, I would think, the overhead of organization grows so large that it may not be worth it anymore. Just think of the amount of work put into “useless” administration in many countries. But in a 30 person village, this is probably negligible.

Edit: Thanks for helping other people on the feet!

Acapellascience (Tim Blais)

This wasn’t the point as i read, the question was about confidence. And this has little to do with how “pretty” you are. Your confidence is only in your mind. Sure if others think of you as ugly, it’s harder to gain confidence. But I think especially a lot of girls have confidence issues with their appearance despite looking “good”.

Yes. One place in space has different temperatures. I would assume even individual particles are not distributed by a Maxwell distribution, so the concept of temperature is hard to apply. The background radiation has one temperature. If you add the sun, however, you already have a problem as the sun radiation is not in thermal equilibrium. So depending on how you look at it, you get different temperatures. The particles have a high energy, so also a high temperature. But they are so rare, that radiation is the dominant mode of heat transfer and determines the temperature of a thermometer placed in space.

I think it is actually the other way around. You can consider the air inside the balloon to have internal energy from the heat. And additionally you have to make room for the balloon in the atmosphere, so you have removed the atmosphere from the volume the balloon takes, which also needs energy. If you consider both you arrive at the concept of enthalpy (H = U + pV), which is very useful for reactions in the atmosphere as pressure is constant. For this example it is not that useful as outside pressure changes when the balloon rises.

Another way to see it, the pressure has no “real” energy. In a ideal gas, the only energy comes from the kinetic or movement energy of the atoms. Each time a gas molecule is hits the balloon envelope it transfers some momentum. The cumulative effect of the constant collisions is the pressure of the gas. If the balloon is now expanding slowly, each collisions also tranfers some energy, in sum building the work the system has to do to the atmosphere. Leading to a decrease in internal, so “real” energy in the balloon. This corresponds to a decrease in temperature.

The stratosphere is heated not by the ground but directly from solar radiation leading to higher power input at the upper layers. So the top is hotter and now convection never starts and you get no cooling of the air when rising.

While I agree in general, one point is a bit to simplified in my opinion

In other words, there are fewer air molecules per cubic foot (volume of air). The molecules are farther apart and can hold less heat energy. Because “heat” is what we say when we mean molecules are moving around.

Less molecules mean less heat, it has nothing to do with the temperature, if you just decrease the density by removing half the molecules, you have the same temperature.

It cools down because it expands adiabatically. Consider a very thin balloon filled with air which is warmer than the surrounding. This now rises up, but as it does, the pressure decreases, causing the balloon to expand. During this expansion, the balloon transfers energy away from itself, because it has to push away air, to make room for expanding in the surrounding. This work cools the air inside the balloon. Assuming the air inside is dry, it would cool around 10 °C per km it rises. Now if you think about it, the balloon just stopped the inside from mixing with the outside. If you look at a large “piece” of air, it does not mix very fast, so you can remove the balloon and just consider what happens with warm air heated from the ground.

Now this does not mean, it has to be cooler when higher up. The same points hold, inside a house, but there it is often warmer when higher.

The best explaination is when looking where the heat comes from and goes too from the air. The atmosphere is mostly heated from the surface of earth, so the bottom and cooled from the upper layers. So naturally it gets hotter where it is heated. The question is now by how much? There are three modes of heat transfer in the atmosphere: radiation, conduction and convection. The first two are very slow. Connection is fast but has limits. Consider the piece of air, if it rises, it cools. So at some place it may be the same temperature as the surrounding air, so it stops rising. This means the convection works only when the air gets cooler by 10 °C/km going up (~6.5°C when the air is moist and precipation happens). So this temperature gradient is observable very often.

Yes, the file itself (so the data and inode) is not gone as long as the handles live on. Only the reference is gone. You canstill recover the file. https://superuser.com/questions/283102/how-to-recover-deleted-file-if-it-is-still-opened-by-some-process#600743

Ja das stimmt, da hab ich aus der Physik kommend zu anwendendunsorient gedacht.
Aber für die Frage ob komplexe zahlen gebraucht werden, reicht es, eine isomorphe alternative zu haben. Die komplexen Zahlen haben auch nicht mehr mit Quantenmechanik zu tun wie die Matrizen, nur sind sie leichter handzuhaben.

Die gesamten 2x2 R Matrizen nicht, aber es gibt eine Untermenge die ein Körper ist und isomorph zu C. Nämlich alle die sich durch Linearkombination der Einheitsmatrix und der Rotationsmatrix um 90° ergeben.
Also a+ib ~ [[a, -b],[b,a]]
https://math.stackexchange.com/questions/1028371/complex-number-isomorphic-to-certain-2-times-2-matrices#2644514

I just want to say, i loved Dragon’s Egg for this level of detail to the physics. I even did some quick calculations why you want 6 compensator masses not less to reduce the effect of tidal forces. Or the black holes inside the sun, at first i thougt, this is impossible. Then i read some more on it an noticed its well researched.

Dann sind aber die Effekte durch Windräder und Katzen auch nicht vergleichbar, die treffen nämlich sehr unterschiedliche Arten.

Insofern ist der Vergleich mit Hühnern auch nicht schlechter als so.

Ich hab den Hinweis auf diese Studie in Wikipedia gelesen, wonach steht:

Soweit ich mich damit beschäftigt hab ist es nicht so klar wie ein kleines problem es wirklich ist. Deswegen ist es gut wenn weiter an diesen punkten geforscht wird. Ich stimme gern zu, dass das problem wesentlich übertrieben wird in der Gesellschaft. Und dass es den Ausbau der Windkraft nicht verlangsamen darf.

Der Vergleich hinkt. Die unterschiedlichen Ursachen treffen verschiedene Vogelarten deutlich anders. Für gewisse Arten (zb Rotmilan) macht Windkraft derzeit einige Prozent der durch Menschen verursachten Tode aus. Das ist derzeit noch kein großes Problem, wird allerdings die Windkraft hoffentlich stark ausgebaut, so ist es nicht mehr zu vernachlässigen. Damit sollte man sich auch jetzt schon Gedanken machen, wie das Problem verhindert werden kann.

Natürlich heißt dass nicht dass deswegen der Windradausbau stark eingeschränkt werden soll Auch sollte nicht dieser Ursache des Sterbens mehr Aufmerksamkeit geschenkt wird wie den anderen Ursachen, was derzeit passiert. Aber nur die Summe der Vögel zu vergleichen macht meiner Meinung nach wenig Sinn, da diese sehr unterschiedliche Lebensweisen, Häufigkeiten und Gefährdungen haben.

I cannot recommend mindfulness enough, as already suggested by many others in this thread.

I think, you said you are already in therapy? In this case, I would definitely talk with your therapist about this and things you want to adopt beforehand. If you want a simple concrete tip, you could try the “mindfulness coach” by the US department of veteran affairs. I liked it a lot and the apps from there get good privacy recommendations from mozilla.

I am a bit suprised by the many people recommending to just stop giving fucks. Is this what you really want? Or do you just want avoid the emotions of taking control?

You do not need to be that hard to yourself when your feeling “wrong”. Yes it is probably better for yourself if you don’t overreact. However you cannot really cotntrol your feelings. So it is still better to accept your anger. First, as you said, it drives up the frustration, because now you are also worried about your feelings. And second your original emotion wants to be “noticed”. I read and experienced a few times myself, the “wrong” emotion disappears often quickly when you accept it. It is an essential concept of mindfulness, to accept your emotions.

Edit: As far as i understand it and experienced it, saying to yourself “no i shouldn’t be angry about this” won’t change your thinking